Israel and Judah to 733 BCE

Inhabited as early as 10,000 or 8,000 BCE. Conquered by Pharaoh Thutmose III in the 1400s. The capital of an Aramaean kingdom in the 1000s. Conquered by the Assyrians in 732.

According to Egyptian hieroglyphic records, a city called Rushalimum existed on the site of Jerusalem as early as 1853 BCE. Archaeologists are working on whether the Jerusalem that David conquered was provincial or a capital city. By the time of Solomon it was a major cultural center.